Malaysia imports the fruit in large volume and value, on par with some European countries. Hotel Equatorial, Bangi. In the studied plot altogether 11 species of fungi causing significant damages in hybrid poplar plantations were identified. Leave a reply Date: November 8, 2016 / Posted by kss11. For the studied sample plot IRR is 6.94. Moreover, the analysis results can be used effectively in the decision for the project of promoting ecomony of Samcheok city. Diagnostic performance of US for HS was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Planting Density Per Hectare . spacing for oil palm. This study investigates the financial and economic aspects of establishing an oil palm plantation using data collected in 2014. The African oil palm, Elaeis guineensisJacq., is placed in the Arecaceae family along with coconut and date palms. The main goal of the work reported in this paper was to examine the financial effects of different discount rates on the cost-efficiency values of studied poplar plantation, based on an analysis of the present value of costs and revenues over a stated time period using different methods of investment appraisal. In this way you can plant 143 oil palms per hectare; this is the best density. Introduction The end result desired by an oil palm plantation is the production of fresh fruit bunches and a lot of good quality. It is recommended that on peat higher than the conventional planting density of 136-148 palms/ha is adopted in order to maximize net present value (NPV). Incorporated Society of Planters, Kuala Lumpur. TAM, T K and LO, K K (1973). I-214. This study addresses this gap by comparing hydrological characteristics of five catchments in a steep land area of Sabah, Malaysian Borneo on a gradient of disturbance and recovery – twice-logged forest, 22 years recovery (LF2); multiple-logged forest, 8 years recovery (LF3); mature oil palm, 20 years old (OP); and two primary forests (PF and VJR) as controls. AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF PALM OIL PLANTATION IN INDONESIA ... a triangular spacing of 9×9 m and the density of 143 trees.ha−1. promoting the economy of local government. (2017) showed that water use by oil palm is consistently higher than that of rubber over a range of environmental conditions. Yield of fresh fruit bunches on inland soil, Hulu Paka, Malaysia (t/ha). A cost of production survey of the Malaysian palm oil industry was undertaken in mid 2003. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the current production cost of oil palm cultivation among independent oil palm smallholders (IOS) in Mukim Labu Kubong, Mukim Sungai Manik and Mukim Changkat Jong in Hilir Perak District, Perak. Intercropping in Oil Palm Cultivation:-Oil palms are a wide spaced perennial trees and inter space can be utilized for intercropping during initial 3 year period.Thereafter, shade loving crops can be grown. It is estimated that every ten palms per hectare increase in planting density will necessitate earlier replanting by four to six months. Oil palm, currently the world’s main vegetable oil crop, is characterised by a large productivity and a long life span (≥25 years). During two-year study, the material was collected from study plot in order to assess the density, distribution and significance of individual fungal organisms present in the plantation. The current planting density is a fixed option based on the duration of the economic life cycle of the oil palm, which is about 25 years in Malaysia. with planting spacing 6 x 6 m. Thirteen study plots - management units (55 stands), with a total area of 331.05 ha were investigated in the period 2002-2010. Final net present values (NPV, base year=2003) resulting from plausible variations in model parameters are calculated. The aim of this study was to suggest the best strategy among the various area coordinates tested. Oil palm crop is perennial and can yield the crop for 5 to 35 yrs. The mean AUC corrected and the standard deviation from 3 biological repeats were determined for each strain and each source tested on the plates PM01, PM02 and PM03. Required to obtain the proper management ranging from the selection of land for gardens, nurseries, planting, maintenance, and harvesting. Palm Oil Research Inst. The planting density is 143, but only 135 palms are considered when calculating yields per hectare, to take into account unproductive palms (which are not observed) and roads (which companies usually include when calculating the areas planted). Furthermore, this paper attempts to conduct a cost-benefit analysis, using net present value(NPV), benefit/cost(B/C) ratio, internal rate of return(IRR) techniques for project of promoting the economy of Samcheok City. h�b```�l��B �� Material and Methods: Investment Appraisal also known as Capital Budgeting is used to asses whether capital expenditure on particular poplar plantations will be beneficial for the entity or not. Abstract: The cost of oil palm production has increased substantially, but the price of fresh fruit bunches (FFB), in turn, has not followed suit. The study predicts that C fluxes in actively managed forests in second or subsequent rotations or planted on peat soils will tend to have low or (on average) negative NPV. POTENSI PROJEK TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT BERSKALA KECIL DI DAERAH HILIR PERAK: ANALISA KEPEKAAN (POTENTIALS OF SMALL SCALE OIL PALM CULTIVATION PROJECT IN DAERAH HILIR PERAK: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS), Financial Profitability and Sensitivity Analysis of Palm Oil Plantation in Indonesia, The economic feasibility of date palm production in Malaysia, Geostatistics of Oil Palm Trees Affected by Ganoderma Disease in Low and High Planting Density, Hydrological Dynamics of Tropical Streams on a Gradient of Land-use Disturbance and Recovery: A Multi-Catchment Experiment, Commercial Profitability of Poplar Plantation with Reference to the Damages Caused by Fungi, Novel Genetic Algorithm towards Implementing a Lining-Layout Optimization Strategy, Investment Appraisal of Poplar Plantations in Serbia, Development of sap compressing systems from oil palm trunk, Old Oil Palm Trunk: A Promising Source of Sugars for Bioethanol Production, Oil Palm Planting Density: Results from Trials in Sabah and the Possible Options, Analysis of Palm Oil Cost of Production Survey, 2002, Effects of Plant Density on Growth and Yield of Oil Palm, Oil palm metabolomics in relation to basal stem rot (BSR), Investigation on ants’ diversity in oil palm plantations in Malaysia: Sustainable or loss, Cost-benefit analysis of project of promoting the economy in Samcheok City. independently by two radiologists. Net assimilation rate and dry matter production per palm decrease with increasing LAI, but the amount of dry matter per palm incorporated in vegetative tissues is unaffected by density. This is the first paper about new developed systems for sap compressed from oil palm trunk. The results indicate that NPV, B/C ratio and IRR of Yukbaeksan flowers rest park are 3,937 million won, 1.06, 6.18% and NPV, B/C ratio and IRR of Glass Art Culture and Tourism theme park are 8,311 million won, 1.34 and 9.47. The analysis showed that PBP is practically unacceptable for the investor under the discount rate of 6%. The financial case study is undertaken from the perspective of company in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Crop growth rate of oil palm increases with leaf area index (LAI) to about 40 tons/ha./yr at the highest LAIs obtained. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. There is a difference in the optimum densities, for both current and cumulative FFB yield, between the riverine alluvial environment of these trials and the coastal marine alluvium of Peninsula Malaysia. Conference. Consequently the felled trunks are the enormous amount of biomass resources in the palm oil producing countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Favourable financial effects of such a production should be realized. The investigated plantations were established from Populus x euramericana cl. Internal rates were larger for plantations on good quality soil types and for shorter rotations and vice versa. Palm height increment appears unaffected by density until seven or eight years after planting. Peak oil yields of 12 t ha −1 yr −1 have been achieved in small plantations, and maximum theoretical yields as calculated with simulation models are 18.5 t oil ha −1 yr −1, yet average productivity worldwide has stagnated around 3 t oil ha −1 yr −1. Pull out tree stumps and remove fallen trees close to the pegs, because these stumps and trees would interfere with the oil palms. This paper provides the latest information on the cost of producing small scale oil palm cultivation among IOS. Small farmers can go for this crop irrigated crop without having any irrigated facilities. Oil palm tree produces both male and female flowers separately on the same palm tree. I-214 on alluvial semigley, with planting spacing 6 x 3 m, aged 26 years, for technical wood production. The analysis shows that PBP is practically unacceptable for the investor under the discount rate of 6%. RESULTS OF THE CASH-FLOW ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS OIL PALM PLANTING DENSITIES ON PEAT SOIL, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Ahmad Kushairi, All content in this area was uploaded by Ahmad Kushairi on Apr 21, 2015, The aim of this paper was to study the financial r, The method of analysis to achieve the mentioned objective was by the, oil palm planting density experiments at MPOB r, The analysis indicated that maximum income could be obtained, practice of 136-148 palms/ha. New oil palm plantings starting January 1, 2010, must be in accordance with the RSPO Procedures for New Plantings (NPP). Being the benchmark, the undisturbed forest (PF) has the most buffered storm response with the highest baseflow (67.9% of total discharge). Density of Vegetable oil, palm kernel (food) Vegetable oil, palm kernel weighs 230.36 g/metric cup (7.69 oz/US cup) The search results include links to various calculator pages associated with each found item. The three strategies considered for preparing field lining; 1) 60 0 line-direction 2) selecting the best line-direction for single block and 3) selecting the best line-directions for many separate blocks, might lead to different numbers of trees. Data were analysed via the flow-duration curve (FDC) supplemented by the runoff coefficient (RR) and coefficient of variation in discharge (QVAR) for aggregated characteristics, as well as via a combination of the Dunn's test and multiple-regression at the storm event scale for focused hydrological dynamics. In Benin, shade for the young oil palms is provided by planting castor-oil plants in the nursery. From a management aspect, although hydrological recovery is more advanced in the 22 years than in the 8-years post-logging catchment, full recovery is yet to be achieved and might be hastened by enrichment planting of the degraded forest. 21 st edition, Kelana Three more large plantations, one in Sabah Lahad Datu MPOB (mineral soil) one in Sarawak Saratok MPOB (peat soil) and one in Perak Teluk Intan MPOB (peat soil) comprised additional study sites. Paper presented in the International Oil Palm Conference. 283 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[236 139]/Info 235 0 R/Length 194/Prev 434666/Root 237 0 R/Size 375/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream %%EOF Menurut, ... Jadual 1 membandingkan dapatan kajian analisa kewangan projek tanaman kelapa sawit di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Menurut Latif et al., (2003) dan Belcher et al., (2004). Trace lines across the slope and put in your pegs in straight lines; leave 7.8 meters between rows and 9 metres between pegs. For a hectare of date palm, the NPV ranged between RM562,856.91 and RM14,086,768.27, IRR between 31 and 89 percent, ROI between 5.72 and 113.63, and PP between 3.6 to 5.6 years. There have been several economic studies looking at profi tability of oil palm plantation (e.g. A 8,000 ha plantation over 25 years was estimated to result in a positive NPV of USD 10,670 with a ROI 73.50% and an IRR at 14.83% and payback period of 6.75 years. Paper presented in the International Oil Palm, Conference. endstream endobj 237 0 obj <> endobj 238 0 obj <> endobj 239 0 obj <>stream products and the changes in C flux on afforested peat soils are the most influential model components. The method of analysis to achieve the mentioned objective was by the cost benefit analysis approach. The care should be taken with inter-crops so that it will not compete with oil palms in terms of water, light and nutrients. This paper presents the strategies for optimizing planting areas. ... al. As space requirement increases as palm grows bigger with age, the density giving greatest yield therefore decreases gradually from high to a lower stable density at some point in the planting cycle. Background and Purpose: Due to the fact that poplar rotation is one of the shortest in forestry, and as production of poplar wood requires rational and well-planned management, the potentials of sites and species must be maximally utilised. Oil palm trees start flowering in 14 to 18 months after planting the crop. In addition Hardanto et al. Results suggest that date palm plantation is technically and economically feasible. The results indicate that old oil palm trunk becomes a promising source of sugars by proper aging after logging and, thus, its sap can be a good feedstock for bioethanol. How to peg out the planting pattern. Data for the analysis was obtained from oil palm planting density experiments at MPOB research stations at Hulu Paka in Terengganu and Teluk Intan in Perak. LF2 with longer-term recovery shown a reduction in terms of discharge (RR = 0.640). UM Plantations Sdn.Bhd, Boustead plantations group and Felcra. It is also an economically important crop for date producing countries. The inconsistency of tree density in a planting area makes the number of trees difficult to predict. Keywords: Oil Palm Plantation, Managegement Effect, Procuctivity FFB 1. Incorporation of beneficial NPK solubilizing microbes and biodegrading fungi in compost with low inorganic fertilizers, help mobilize nutrients from the soil and within underground biomass particu, Ants are key indicators of ecological change (Ellison et al., 2007), but scarce studies have investigated how ant assemblages respond to dramatic changes in vegetation structure in tropical forests, The project of promoting the economy has attracted attention as on strategy for the economic revitalization of abandoned mine areas which is promoting by local government based on the "Special law on the development of abandoned mine areas". The process of removing male and female flowers in early stages of oil palm plantation is called “ablation”. It is shown that this density is always higher than the density giving the greatest yields from palms more than 10 years old, and that in consequence a yield decline is to be expected, before this age, in a planting at the optimal density. To achieve good growing conditions with minimal risk of etiolation, a main nursery planting density of 13,800 polybags per ha with 0.91m(3ft) x 0.91m(3ft) D planting is recommended excluding allowance for … About palm oil; Volume to weight, weight to volume and cost conversions for Palm oil with temperature in the range of 40°C (104°F) to 140°C (284°F) Formulas: volume v = w ⁄ ρ; weight w = ρ × v; where the Greek letter ρ (rho) stands for density; Reference (ID: 18) These results are considered in the light of previously reported work, and various options to manipulate planting densities to greater advantage are discussed, including shorter planting cycles to take advantage of newer higher yielding planting material, and variable density planting. This analysis uses a discounted rate of 10%, assuming that the RM530 per ton FFB price is consistent for over 25 years. Further research is required to determine the actual technical feasibility and best location for date palm growth. Two were found on cortical tissue, 6 on leaves and 3 species are causing decay. (2000) The soil factors in the production equation of oil palm (Figure 5) could be easily determined by detailed soil survey (Goh et al ., 1997). 0il palm replanting is normally carried out after a period of about 25 to 30 years economic life span. For a discount rate r = 12%, all tested areas had a negative NPV of 11 088 to 23 676 (sic).ha(-1), regardless of age and site quality. If you make a shelter, you need not mulch, but you must hoe very often. Sensitivity analysis of the NPV to the default discount rate (10%) was included. 16-18 November 1972. p. 52-71. ... "The intensity of drains depends on the topography of the field and planting density but the primary objective is to keep the water levels at 50 cm to 75 cm from the surface at most times," he said. Optimal MPOB (2002a). The most favourable situation is the discount rate of 2% in younger plantations. CORLEY, R H V; HEW, C K; TAM, T K and LO, K K (1973). The analysis of the data revealed a number of strategies to reduce cost of production. converted to oil palm plantations (Brühl & Eltz, 2010). 374 0 obj <>stream MOHD TAYEB, D (2002). Due to the fact that poplar rotation is one of the shortest in forestry, and as production of poplar wood requires rational and well-planned management, the potentials of sites and species must be maximally utilised. This study uses sensitivity analysis to assess the potential of small-scale oil palm cultivated by IOS. Finally, put palm fronds over the bamboo sticks. Malaysian study by. %PDF-1.3 %���� ����2�DeC�J��H���e�M�80�W���м�"��?q�L� J�d`:Җ���IL��^��9A���Ş`D��ɢ����Z`16���~�F�մ&����a�� ��PШ��2@ً������a����?����FgY9K��׿�����l+�����V�u�U~��0�M�,��E8��N����s���O��F��o�I:.υ!��\��҆Z�B�*����E�e���,������E����q�zJl�=y%C���W�˚�:(�a �R�� [j�p� &�0�08Y�G�P�0,B��Tw�7����F��"胼9V���:�8�m\����]�\'٬,��Kn�t^y�&7g�dN0��$��…��� Density Every 4 planting rows:600 m/ha Every 8 planting rows: 300 m/ha Purpose Connect to collection drain for in-field water reticulation Specifications [38] mention PBP of 7 years, Chandra about 10 years [39], McKenney in the range 10-22 years [40] and Latif et.al. Oil palm planting density: results from trials in Sabah and the possible options. New oil palm plantings in the context of these procedures mean lands planned or proposed for oil palm plantings but upon which no … In conditions of increasing wood consumption and demand in the world, the aim of the majority of national economies is to intensify local resource production. The optimal planting density for oil palms is defined as that which will give the greatest discounted cash flow over a given period. on Elevating the National Oil Palm Productivity and Recent Progress in Thereafter, increasing density increases height increment. 16-18 The project of promoting the economic of Samcheok City is promoting the Yukbaeksan flowers rest park and Glass Art Culture and Tourism theme park. Total sugar in the sap increased from 83 mg ml−1 to 153 mg ml−1, the concentration comparable to that of sugar cane juice, after 30 days of storage, followed by the gradual decrease. Methods of analysis of commercial profitability, especially some methods of dynamic investment calculation (net present value - NPV, internal rate of return - IRR, benefit-cost method - R and pay back period - PBP) were used. In this report, we found that the felled oil palm trunk contains large quantity of sap, which accounts for approximately 70% of the whole trunk weight, and that sugars existing in the sap increased remarkably during storage after logging. The data used in this study were collected from the archives of the, according to the age at plantation established and from the management and materials books of the forest enterprise “Vojvodinašume”. The sugars contained in the sap were glucose, sucrose, fructose and galactose, all of which are fermentable by ordinary industrial yeast strains. As a result the optimal LAI for oil yield is considerably below the critical LAI for maximum crop growth rate. Oil Palm Industry FASSB Oil Palm Seminar 2017 js.tan@feldaglobal.com Presented by Tan Joon Sheong, PhD Head of Oil Palm Breeding Department FGV R&D Sdn Bhd 8-10 March 2017. 180 pp. Optimum oil palm planting density in West Africa Xavier Bonneau1,*, Reinout Impens2 and Maxwell Buabeng2 1 CIRAD, UPR Systèmes de Pérennes, 34398 Montpellier, France 2 SIAT, Presco-Plc, km 22 Benin-Sapele road, P.O.B. of Malaysia All titles : " Potential yield of oil palm clones - the importance of planting density " This paper will help potential entrepreneurs decide whether they want to cultivate oil palm or other crops on their farmland. �q�~a5���NC��s���~-ny2{d�*��bFZF������7X�iRf�鸸�.r�y6��i�L�����CJP�nEi%��Z�w ���9��B���*��#�Z��Xj#l�YPGK��O�M�;��h �4�Zu��@{�;��#�b-�:��>k�f] �GV��l��d�G���F6�U[u���*Y�uY��(V��}��� �>�W�g����k;�f ����vd� ˶��K���G�:Ȯ�LR�Xȵ��;������(�C��q��X�>nǾDc_B�xMjѱ/!�ȏ�Xt�K4�U�0FE�G�X�P}��܎q�ƸL�'r �1.az��³���1-ј��r����X�p=ܕ;�&qǰD��Z�("�Ö��a����:rǴ$BQm[q_pٱ-)��Q���Zv�K�5숰P�Z}ߓeǼ����Z7��~�_�|����y2Ni�U�B�0�k��w.������F��c��x���]�wZ&%�;���Y{���7լQ��T�����ɠ\ ��xX�vƃ��1Ծ��� ���T�}SR��aQ�O��}x3bg�]����t��|� �tQf��� These four criteria were also subjected to a sensitivity analysis. Stormflow and baseflow are anomalously high and low respectively in the near-primary VJR catchment, but this probably reflects the shallow soils and short-stature rainforest associated with its igneous and metamorphic lithology. !�Aǖ��a>)2bȰ(��`�x�(�r�� Incorporated Society of Planters, Kuala Lumpur. Each catchment was instrumented with water depth (converted to discharge), conductivity, temperature, and turbidity sensors, and a raingauge connected to a solar-powered datalogger recording data at 5-minute intervals from November 2011 to August 2013. This effect is further enhanced as the palms are planted as closely together as possible (120-200 trees/ha) so as to optimise planted area and maximise production. The average amount of R was 0.36 for all studied plots. A range of various different planting distances (from 7.5 to 9.5 m) between oil palms were tested using an equilateral triangle design in a plantation density experiment which was settled in an oil palm commercial plantation in Nigeria. Discharge in the LF3 (RR = 0.796) is always the highest while having an intermediate level of responsiveness. If they include all proper costs, the study would be more relevant and IRR will be similar to ours. Although erosional impacts of rainforest logging are well established, changes in hydrological dynamics have been less explored especially in the post-logging recovery phase following repeat-logging cycles and mature phase of oil palm plantation cycles. Post navigation 236 0 obj <> endobj Net assimilation rate and dry matter production per palm decrease with increasing LAI, but the amount of dry matter per palm incorporated in vegetative tissues is unaffected by density. Full Text: Source: Tey et al . Overall, 182 subjects met the study inclusion criteria between February 2014 and October 2016. Paper presented in the International Oil Palm Conference. 7061, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria Received 28 October 2017 – … Yield and growth records from an oil palm planting density experiment, comparing 56, 110, 148 and 186 palm 1s, an ha"d a progeny experiment, planted at 115 and 141, wer3 palme s ha" used to estimate the partitioning of assimilates into those used for structural dry matter (DM) production, and those used for growth and maintenance respiration. The palm trees are of various age reaching up to 10 m in height, and various herbs, bushes, and saplings were present, forming comparatively dense undergrowth. ;ݮ��GGGWUX��>p�y5��+%Z.n�As{�z�DM��n2�O��+��d�W��� ;aoQzn�]����;d���ݲ��l�vX�rvÊ. The success of this pilot plantation will help confirm the possibility of date farming in Malaysia. Results show that OP is characterised by a relatively low RR (0.357) but with high responsiveness during storm events and very low baseflow (38.4% of total discharge). On the other hand, agronomic optimum planting density refers to the density that gives the highest cumulative yield, and economic optimum Incorporated Society of Planters. Paper presented in the International Oil Palm Conference. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Most cultivars are the teneraform which produces fruit with higher oil content. Oil palm planting on peat -progress and future Number of trees attacked with decaying fungi, like Fomes fomentarius, Trametes suaveolens, was bellow 2%/ two percentage. In addition, the capability of the application by novel GA was also examined. Fomes fomentarius, Trametes suaveolens, was bellow 2 % / two percentage not mulch but. The investigation is carried out after a period of about 25 to 30 years economic life span suaveolens was! 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